Since October is Breast Cancer Awareness Month, I thought I’d dedicate a blog to this terrible disease that affects 1 in 8 women in North America, not to mention the impact it has on their families and those they love.
So here are some myths about breast cancer, and what the experts say about them…
Myth #1
A breast injury can cause breast cancer. Although a breast injury can sometimes cause changes in the breast tissue that might mimic the look of a cancer in a mammogram, it cannot cause cancer. But just to be sure, your doctor may want to do a needle biopsy, removing a small amount of breast tissue with a needle and syringe to examine in a lab, if an area looks different than usual due to a previous injury.
Myth #2
Underwire bras increase the risk of breast cancer. The wires do not cause cancer, but they can irritate the skin under the breasts, causing it to break down. Irritated skin is less resistant to bacteria and fungi which could cause an infection or abscess in the breast. Also non-wired bras are more comfy!!
Myth #3
IVF increases the risk of breast cancer. In vitro fertilization (IVF) involves the use of estrogen-like drugs to stimulate the ovaries to produce eggs. This led some experts to wonder whether the treatment could increase the risk of hormone-sensitive cancer cells developing, or at least speed the growth of any of this type of cancerous cells that might be forming. Although no studies have specifically been done to confirm this doesn’t happen, one trial compared the cancer risk of women who had had IVF with those who had not, and found no difference.
Myth #4
I won’t develop breast cancer because no-one in my family has had it. Most women who are diagnosed with breast cancer have no family history—only 5-10% of breast cancers are caused by a genetic mutation that was inherited. In fact, many diagnosed women have no known risk factors at all. Obviously, we’re missing something… (perhaps an environmental connection?) More research into the causes, please!!
Myth #5
Stress can cause breast cancer. While too much stress can certainly affect our health, there is evidence to show there is no association between stress and breast cancer. On the other hand, breast cancer most certainly causes stress! We can all benefit from learning effective ways of dealing with the stresses of modern life…
Myth #6
A healthy lifestyle eliminates breast cancer risk. A healthy lifestyle can reduce the risk of breast cancer, but it can’t eliminate it. Refer back to Myth #4… we need more research into the causes of breast cancer!
Myth #7
Breast cancer only occurs in older women. It is true that most cancers occur in older women. Age is a known risk factor—one we can’t do anything about. Screening mammograms are recommended only after age 50 in most countries, and after 40 in the US, as they are less accurate in younger women with more dense breast tissue. But about 5% of cancers are diagnosed in women under 40 years, typically in those with a strong family history of the cancer. It is recommended to watch for any unusual breast changes, like lumps, puckering of the skin or a nipple pulling inward (inverted nipple) and to see your doctor right away if any of these occur.
Myth #8
All breast lumps are cancerous. Actually, most new breast lumps are not cancer. A cyst (a pocket of liquid surrounded by a membrane) feels like a lump, and these are fairly common. However, always see your doctor right away for an evaluation if you notice a new lump or any other unusual breast change.
Myth #9
An abortion increases the risk of breast cancer. An abortion interrupts the normal hormone cycle of pregnancy (and pregnancy before age 30 is believed to reduce breast cancer risk), causing some to wonder whether it could increase the risk of a hormone dependent breast cancer. However, a large observational study in Denmark and several other smaller studies found no link between abortion and breast cancer.
Myth #10
Nipple piercings increase breast cancer risk. Piercings do not increase cancer risk, but they can lead to increased risk of infection, abscess, nerve damage, scars, cysts and difficulty breastfeeding (due to blocked ducts from scar tissue).
Myth #11
Sugar causes breast cancer. Refined sugar in excessive amounts is bad for our general health, but there is no evidence it directly causes breast cancer. I have read reports of research looking at very low sugar/high fat diets (an extreme form of the keto diet) to slow the growth of cancer cells in general, but the studies are not yet conclusive. Studies specifically looking at sugar and breast cancer have had “mixed and inconclusive” results, according to experts.
Myth #12
Men do not get breast cancer. Yes, they do! One in every 100 cases of breast cancer occurs in men. Men also should stay alert to any changes in the breast area, particularly as it can spread more quickly in males since they do not have as much breast tissue to contain it. As well, men are not screened for this cancer and tend to have less support when they are diagnosed with it.
Myth #13
Mammograms and biopsies can cause breast cancer to spread. The thinking here is that the squeezing and poking of a potential cancer could cause the cells to seed in another part of the breast. Some women also worry that the radiation of the mammogram could cause a cancer to begin. However, very low doses of radiation are used in current mammograms, and these are considered safe (although the operator, being there daily, needs to protective themselves from work-related exposure). No evidence has been found that these tests cause cancers to spread and they give valuable diagnostic and early-detection information that save many lives.
Myth #14
No lump means no cancer. Cancers that have formed “palpable” lumps (ones that can be felt with the fingers) have often been there, growing, for several years. The advantage of screening mammograms is that they can often detect a cancer before it is large enough to be palpable, greatly increasing the chance of a complete cure.
Myth #15
Anti-perspirants cause breast cancer. This myth started because many breast cancers occur in the upper outer area of the breast, the area closer to the armpit. However, very little if any of the ingredients in anti-perspirants are absorbed and there is no evidence that they would cause cancer if they were absorbed. At least one large well-conducted that compared breast cancer survivors with healthy women found no evidence of a problem with anti-perspirants or deodorants. The tiny grains of minerals left on the skin by antiperspirants do, however, show up on a mammogram, causing confusion for the radiologist interpreting the image. This is why they always insist that these products not be used on the day you are having a scan.
Myth #16
Carrying a phone in your bra can cause cancer. While most experts will say there is no evidence that cell phones cause any type of cancer, a few have reported case studies of unusual cancers that began in the same location where the woman carried her phone for several hours every day. Not proof of a cause, but one doctor was suspicious enough to publish a report after seeing several similar cases (which I linked to in my Sept 17th blog on environmental links to cancer). It might be a good idea to carry your phone in a purse or proper phone case, both to protect it and possibly also you! Cell phone manufacturers do recommend avoiding exposure of the phone to sweat, as the liquid could cause damage to the phone (as happened to my daughter, who no longer tucks hers into the waistband of her workout pants!)
So, there you go… less to worry about, right? I think the key in avoiding many diseases, including cancer, is to strive for as healthy a lifestyle as possible: eat well, exercise, limit alcohol to recommended amounts, and avoid exposure to nasty chemicals. And, since it’s Breast Cancer Awareness month, maybe make a little donation that might help researchers find the causes and cures for this disease that affects too many women…
References:
Medical Myths: 15 breast cancer misconceptions—Medical News Today
Antiperspirant Safety: Should You Sweat It?—WebMD
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